Combination boiler and furnace



J. W ALLAN. COMBINATION. BOILER AND FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY II, 1918.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

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1,337,632, Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

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COMBINATION BOILER AND FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 11.1918.

1,337,632. Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

3 $HEETS-SHEET 3- JOHN W-ALl-A Arr-a RNE v5 JOHN W. ALLAN, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

COMBINATION BOILER AND FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

Application filed July 11, 1918. Serial No. 244,457.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN W. ALLAN, a citizen of the United States, resident of Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Boilers and Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a heating apparatus adapted for heating purposes generally but especially suitable for residences where convenience in operation and economy in fuel is desired, as well as efficiency in fuel combustion.

A further object is to provide a heater in which the coal is distilled prior to combustion to eliminate or drive off the gases and in which as near perfect combustion will take place as possible in a heating plant.

A further object is to provide a heating apparatus in which all parts are readily accessible for cleaning purposes or repairs.

A further object is to provide a heating apparatus in which the body of fuel prior to combustion is inclosed by water circulating chambers and during combustion is open at the front and the rear for the circulation of air therethrough.

A further object is to provide a heating apparatus in which provision is made for the convenient discharge of lumps of slate or clinkers or any foreign material which may be in the fuel, and the delay and annoyance incident to the cleaning of a clogged grate entirely eliminated.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detailed description.

The invention consists generally in various constructions and combinations, all as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a heating apparatus embodying my invention, a portion of the wall being broken away to illustrate the relative position of the manifolds and the circulating coils therein,

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the heater, 7

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In the drawing, 2 represents the frame of the heater, having a front 3 and a jacket 4 provided with a lining 5 of fire brick or other suitable material. In the top of the front 3 is a cover 6 for a fuel opening 7 which leads to a fuel magazine 8. In the rear of this magazine I provide comparatively narrow, upright side manifolds 9 and independent manifolds 10 between them. The side manifolds extend from the top to the bottom of the heater and the manifolds 1O terminate near the middle portion thereof and have a series of circulating tubes 11 connected at their lower ends with a transverse water header 12. The tubes 11 are spaced apar to form a rear grate below the manifolds 10 and the return pipe 1-3 of the heating system communicates with the ends of this header. A stein drum 14: surmounts the heating apparatus and is connected with the manifolds respectively by pipes 15 and has risers 16 leading therefrom to the radiators or heating coils. The side manifolds are connected across the front of the heater by a water header 17 and an inclined plate 18 is supported at its lower end on this header and secured at its upper end to the front 3 and forms the front inclined wall of the magazine hopper into which the fuel is inserted. A grate 19 is provided below the header 17 and forming a continuation of the inner Wall thereof and is subported at its lower end on the pipe 20. This grate is disposed opposite the tubes 11 and the lower portion of the manifolds l0 and admits the air from the intake opening 21 to the fuel between the said grate and the rear tubes. This grate has slots and longitudinal openings 22 therein to provide for expansion and contraction of the grate and preventing it from becoming bowed inwardly by the heat of burning fuel. A door 23 is provided in the lower portion of the front having a lift 2% to be raised and lowered by the thermostat motor or by other suitable means. Through this door 23 access may be had to the chamber 25 in the lower portion of the heating apparatus for the removal of the ashes and other material. It will be noted in Fig. 2 that the space between the front and rear grates gradually expands from the top to the bot tom so that the fuel will work down by gravity and the iirepot being open at the bottom, there is no danger of clogging as in a heating apparatus as usually constructed, where pieces of slate and clinkers will work down into the grate bars and have to be picked out before the fire will burn freely. By having the lower portion of the firepot open directly into the chamber 25, convenient access is had to the ashes and whatever clinkers may be formed can be easily and quickly removed. The space between the lower portion of the manifolds 10 and the header 17 forms a retort in which the fuel is distilled and the gases eliminated or driven off and these gases, passing between the upper part of the tubes 11, are ignited beneath the arch 26 and thereby the heating efficiency of the apparatus is considerably increased.

The side manifolds, as shown in Fig. 3, extend to the bottom of the heating apparatus and communicate with the header 12, while the, manifolds 10 communicate with this header through the tubes 11.

Above the arch 26 and in the rear of the middle manifold, I provide loops 27, U- shaped substantially in form, connected at their ends with the manifolds and arranged in groups and projecting rearwardly into a chamber 28 in the rear of the manifolds, an opening 29 being provided leading from the chamber 25 to the chamber 28 and through which opening the products of combustion are directed from the grates. These tubes 27 are divided into groups and a horizontal bafile wall 30 is provided to separate the upper group from the lower group. A passage 31 is provided between the baffle wall and the manifolds, and from the upper portion of the chamber 28 a passage 32 leads to the stack. The loops 27 project horizontally in the circulating chamber in the rear of the manifolds and the products of combustion flow between and around these loops, being compelled by the baffle wall to circulate from the rear to the front of the chamber before reaching the passage 32. The usual check draft 33 is provided leading to the passage 32 and in the rear of the chamber 25 is a door 3a through which access may be had to the loops above and below the baffle 30 for brushing and cleaning them. All the soot and ash falling upon the baffle 30 may be brushed into the space beneath it and from the arch 26 into the bottom of the chamber 25 from whence it may be removed through the cleaner door 35 in the lower rear wall of the heater.

It will be noted in Fig. 1 that the side manifolds are narrower at the top than at the bottom to provide space for the magazine chamber 8 and that the front header 17 is fitted to ports 36 in the walls of the side manifolds and is secured thereto at each end by bolts 37, all these parts being shipped in knockdown form and assembled at the job.

The front of the apparatus is secured in place by bolts which, upon being removed, will allow direct access to the middle manifolds and these in turn may be separated from the top plate and the cross header at the bottom so that convenient access may be had to the loops or coils in the rear of these manifolds for replacement or repairs.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a heating apparatus, a fuel magazine and a fire-box beneath the same, the magazine converging downwardly and the fire-box diverging downwardly, the communicating contiguous portions of the magazine and fire-box constituting a coking zone, a water chamber extending along the rear wall of the magazine and coking zone, water chambers extending along opposite sides of the magazine, coking-zone and firebox, a water chamber extending across the front of the coking-zone and communicating with the side water chambers, an upright open grate arranged to constitute the front of the fire-box, and spaced-apart tubes in communication with the rear water chamber at the lower portion of the coking-zone and with a header at the lower part of the fire-box whereby fuel in the magazine and coking-zone is protected by the water chambers against excessive heat and gases are drawn from the coking-zone and they together with products of combustion of the fire box are passed between the tubes at the rear of the fire box below the coking-zone.

2. In a heating apparatus, a fuel magazine and a fire-box beneath the same, the magazine converging downwardly and the fire-box diverging downwardly, the communicating contiguous portions of the magazine and fire-box constituting a cokingzone, a water chamber extending across the rear wall of the magazine and coking-zone,

water chambers extending along opposite.

sides of the magazine, coking-zone and firebox, the upper portions of said chambers being contracted as compared with the lower portions to afford greater capacity to the magazine, a water chamber extending across the front of the coking-zone and communicating with the side water chambers, an upright open grate arranged to constitute the front of the fire-box and terminating near the open base of the box, and spaced apart tubes in communication with the rear water chamber at the lower portion of the cokingzone and with a header at the lower part of the fire-box.

3. In a heating apparatus, a fuel storage magazine having a filling opening at the top, the rear wall of said storage magazine having a water chamber therein extending to the top of said magazine, the lower side and front walls of said magazine having water chambers therein which, with said rear chamber, encircle said magazine, the lower walls of said magazine constituting a coking-zone and diverging downwardly to discharge the fuel from between them, upright grates depending below the front and rear lower walls of said magazine and having an air intake opening, the currents of air flowing through and across the fuel between said grates and beneath said chambers.

4:. A heating apparatus comprising a fuel hopper having a water chamber in its rear wall, water circulating tubes depending from the lower end of said chamber, a transverse header for the lower ends of said tubes, said tubes forming an upright rear grate, an upright grate supported beneath the front wall of said hopper opposite said tubes, the space between the lower ends of said rear and front grates being open and unobstructed to allow the free discharge of ashes and other waste, said heating apparatus having an air intake opening opposite and adjacent said front grate for delivering currents of air through the fuel between said grates.

5. In a heating apparatus, a fuel hopper having water chambers in its front, rear and side walls encircling the hopper, said chamber being open at the bottom, and front and rear grates arranged beneath said front and rear water chambers and spaced apart to form a fire-pot, means for admitting currents of air transversely through the fuel between said grates, the space between the lower portions of said grates being open and unobstructed to permit accumulation of ashes beneath said grates to support fuel between them.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27 day of June 1918.

JOHN W. ALLAN. 

